In order to help children become better readers, it first helps to understand the stages of reading. Jeanne Chall, an expert in reading research and instruction, found that there are five stages of reading. Those stages are:

The story can be retold while looking at a book previously read; letters of the alphabet can be named; names can be written; some signs can be recognized.

Stage 1: Decoding Grades 1 to 3

Children learn the relationships between letters and sounds and between the printed and spoken words. Simple text with predictable words can be ‘sounded out’.

Stage 2: Confirmation Grades 2 to 4

Children read stories and short selections with increasing fluency; ‘ungluing from print’ is taking place. They learn and gain insight into reading and comprehension of familiar text.

Stage 3: Reading to Learn Grades 4 to 8

Reading is used to learn new information, ideas, words, and concepts.

Stage 4: Multiple View Points High School

Reading from a broad range of complex materials is occurring. Students are required to comprehend varying viewpoints at greater depths.

Stage 5: Construction College Level

Reading occurs rapidly and efficiently. Reading is more efficient than listening at this time. It is used for personal and professional needs. The reader knows what/what not to read."

For children who are in the decoding stage, parents may want to choose books or poetry with rhyme, repetition, and rhythm. These help in developing fluency so that the child can later concentrate on developing comprehension.